Mat 4:24, 10:1 | Clarke | e4.org | Verse 24. Sick people ] τουςκακωςεχοντας, those who felt ill -were afflicted with any species of malady. And torments ] βασανοις, from βασανιζω, to examine by torture , such as cholics, gouts , and rheumatisms , which racked every joint. Possessed with devils ] Daemoniacs . Persons possessed by evil spirits. This is certainly the plain obvious meaning of daemoniac in the Gospels. Many eminent men think that the sacred writers accommodated themselves to the unfounded prejudices of the common people, in attributing certain diseases to the influence of evil spirits, which were merely the effects of natural causes: but that this explanation can never comport with the accounts given of these persons shall be proved as the places occur. Our common version, which renders the word, those possessed by devils , is not strictly correct; as the word devil , διαβολος, is not found in the plural in any part of the Sacred Writings, when speaking of evil spirits: for though there are multitudes of daemons , , yet it appears there is but one DEVIL, who seems to be supreme , or head , over all the rest. διαβολος signifies an accuser or slanderer, ; ; . Perhaps Satan was called so, 1st. because he accused or slandered God in paradise, as averse from the increase of man's knowledge and happiness, ; ; and 2dly. because he is the accuser of men , . See also Clarke on "Job 1:2" . The word comes from δια, through , and βαλλειν, to cast , or shoot , because of the influence of his evil suggestions; compared, , to fiery darts ; and thus it is nearly of the same meaning with οπειραζων, he who pierces through . See on . Lunatic ] Persons afflicted with epileptic or other disorders, which are always known to have a singular increase at the change and full of the moon . This undoubtedly proceeds from the superadded attractive influence of the sun and moon upon the earth's atmosphere, as, in the periods mentioned above, these two luminaries are both in conjunction ; and their united attractive power being exerted on the earth at the same time, not only causes the flux and reflux of the ocean, but occasions a variety of important changes in the bodies of infirm persons, of animals in general, but more particularly in those who are more sensible of these variations. And is this any wonder, when it is well known, that a very slight alteration in the atmosphere causes the most uncomfortable sensations to a number of invalids! But sometimes even these diseases were caused by demons. See on , and . Palsy ] Palsy is defined, a sudden loss of tone and vital power in a certain part of the human body . This may affect a limb, the whole side, the tongue, or the whole body. This disorder is in general incurable , except by the miraculous power of God, unless in its slighter stages. He healed them. ] Either with a word or a touch; and thus proved that all nature was under his control.

‏ Matthew 4:24

Verse 24. Sick people] τουςκακωςεχοντας, those who felt ill-were afflicted with any species of malady.

And torments] βασανοις, from βασανιζω, to examine by torture, such as cholics, gouts, and rheumatisms, which racked every joint.

Possessed with devils] Daemoniacs. Persons possessed by evil spirits. This is certainly the plain obvious meaning of daemoniac in the Gospels.

Many eminent men think that the sacred writers accommodated themselves to the unfounded prejudices of the common people, in attributing certain diseases to the influence of evil spirits, which were merely the effects of natural causes: but that this explanation can never comport with the accounts given of these persons shall be proved as the places occur.

Our common version, which renders the word, those possessed by devils, is not strictly correct; as the word devil, διαβολος, is not found in the plural in any part of the Sacred Writings, when speaking of evil spirits: for though there are multitudes of daemons, Mr 5:9, yet it appears there is but one DEVIL, who seems to be supreme, or head, over all the rest. διαβολος signifies an accuser or slanderer, 1Ti 3:11; 2Ti 3:3; Tit 2:3. Perhaps Satan was called so, 1st. because he accused or slandered God in paradise, as averse from the increase of man's knowledge and happiness, Ge 3:5; Joh 8:44; and 2dly. because he is the accuser of men, Re 12:9, 10. See also Clarke on "Job 1:2". The word comes from δια, through, and βαλλειν, to cast, or shoot, because of the influence of his evil suggestions; compared, Eph 6:16, to fiery darts; and thus it is nearly of the same meaning with οπειραζων, he who pierces through. See on Mt 4:3.

Lunatic] Persons afflicted with epileptic or other disorders, which are always known to have a singular increase at the change and full of the moon. This undoubtedly proceeds from the superadded attractive influence of the sun and moon upon the earth's atmosphere, as, in the periods mentioned above, these two luminaries are both in conjunction; and their united attractive power being exerted on the earth at the same time, not only causes the flux and reflux of the ocean, but occasions a variety of important changes in the bodies of infirm persons, of animals in general, but more particularly in those who are more sensible of these variations. And is this any wonder, when it is well known, that a very slight alteration in the atmosphere causes the most uncomfortable sensations to a number of invalids! But sometimes even these diseases were caused by demons. See on Mt 8:16, 34, and Mt 17:15.

Palsy] Palsy is defined, a sudden loss of tone and vital power in a certain part of the human body. This may affect a limb, the whole side, the tongue, or the whole body. This disorder is in general incurable, except by the miraculous power of God, unless in its slighter stages.

He healed them.] Either with a word or a touch; and thus proved that all nature was under his control.

‏ Matthew 10:1

CHAPTER X.

Jesus calls, commissions, and names his twelve disciples, 1-4.

Gives them particular instructions relative to the objects of their ministry, 5, 6.

Mode of preaching, &c., 7-15.

Foretells the afflictions and persecutions they would have to endure, and the support they should receive, 16-25.

Cautions them against betraying his cause, in order to procure their personal safety, 26-39.

And gives especial promises to those who should assist his faithful servants in the execution of their work, 40-42.

NOTES ON CHAP. X.

Verse 1. Twelve disciples] Our Lord seems to have had the twelve patriarchs, heads of the congregation of Israel, in view, in his choosing twelve disciples. That he had the plan of the ancient Jewish Church in his eye is sufficiently evident from Mt 19:28; and from Lu 10:1; 22:30; Joh 17:1, &c., and Re 21:12-14.

He gave them power against unclean spirits] The word κατα, against, which our translators have supplied in Italic, is found in many MSS. of good note, and in the principal versions. Here we find the first call to the Christian ministry, and the end proposed by the commission given. To call persons to the ministry belongs only to Him who can give them power to cast out unclean spirits. He whose ministry is not accompanied with healing to diseased souls, was never called of God. But let it be observed, that, though the spiritual gifts requisite for the ministry must be supplied by God himself, yet this does not preclude the importance of human learning. No man can have his mind too well cultivated, to whom a dispensation of the Gospel is committed. The influence of the Spirit of God was no more designed to render human learning useless, than that learning should be considered as superseding the necessity of Divine inspiration.